TB Hyperglycaemia: A Clinical, Epidemiological and Public Health Perspective

5 December 2025

The intersection of TB and diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a pressing global health concern that demands urgent attention. DM is a well-established risk factor for TB, increasing susceptibility to the disease and worsening treatment outcomes. Compounding this, TB patients with uncontrolled hyperglycaemia — whether due to pre-existing DM or TB-induced stress hyperglycaemia — face a higher risk of poor TB outcomes. In response, the WHO has recommended diabetes screening for TB patients since 2011.

A commentary, published in BMJ Global Health, highlighted the need for a novel clinical concept: tuberculous hyperglycaemia. ‘Tuberculous hyperglycaemia’ parallels the concept of gestational diabetes, which is hyperglycaemia during pregnancy. Similarly, tuberculous hyperglycaemia describes hyperglycaemia caused by TB, which typically resolves on successful TB treatment. This paradigm shift could enhance TB care, improve outcomes and advance the integration of TB and DM management worldwide.

Access the full commentary here.